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On December 19, 1998, the US House of Representatives approved two articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton for perjury and obstruction of justice, related to the scandal of his affair with intern Monica Lewinsky. The Senate acquitted Clinton in February 1999. Clinton is the second American president to have faced impeachment proceedings.

On December 19, 1984, Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration in Beijing, under which the United Kingdom agreed to return Hong Kong to China on July 1, 1997. The agreement established the principle of "one country, two systems" to guarantee Hong Kong's freedoms for 50 years.

On December 19, 1686, English astronomer Edmond Halley published in Philosophical Transactions the data from his observations of the comet that bears his name, demonstrating that the comets of 1531, 1607 and 1682 were in fact the same celestial body with a 75-76 year orbit. Halley predicted its return for 1758, which proved correct, 16 years after his death.