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On June 4, 1989, the Chinese army massacred students and workers who had occupied Tiananmen Square in Beijing for weeks, protesting against corruption and demanding democratic reforms. Tanks crushed the tents and soldiers fired on protesters. The death toll remains unknown — hundreds to thousands. The photograph of "Tank Man" is one of the defining icons of the twentieth century.

On June 4, 1942, the Battle of Midway began in the Pacific — the turning point of World War II in that theatre. American carrier aviation sank four Japanese aircraft carriers in two days — the Akagi, Kaga, Soryu and Hiryu — losing only one of their own. The success, based on deciphering Japanese codes, reversed Japanese naval dominance and began the American reconquest of the Pacific.

On June 4, 1783, brothers Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier gave the first public demonstration of their hot air balloon in Annonay, France, lifting it to 1,800 metres for 10 minutes. The first manned flight took place on November 21 of that same year, with Pilâtre de Rozier and the Marquis d'Arlandes on board. The Montgolfiers' balloon was the first vehicle to carry human beings through the air.