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On March 1, 1954, the United States detonated Castle Bravo, the largest hydrogen bomb ever tested by the country, at Bikini Atoll, with a yield of 15 megatons — 1,000 times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. The radioactive fallout contaminated the crew of the Japanese fishing boat Lucky Dragon 5 and sparked global alarm, accelerating the debate over nuclear disarmament.

On March 1, 1954, four Puerto Rican nationalists opened fire from the gallery of the US House of Representatives in Washington D.C., wounding five representatives. The action was led by Lolita Lebrón and sought to draw world attention to the independence of Puerto Rico. All four were sentenced to long prison terms and released in 1979 by President Carter.

On March 1, 1803, Ohio became the seventeenth state of the United States of America, being the first admitted to the Union from the Northwest Territory. The process of integrating western territories into the Union, regulated by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, was key to American continental expansion during the nineteenth century.