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Historical events & facts — October 1
What happened on October 1?
On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed from the Gate of Heavenly Peace the founding of the People's Republic of China, ending decades of civil war. The new communist state united more than 500 million people and would become the world's second-largest economy. Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan.
On October 1, 1946, the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg delivered its final verdicts: twelve senior Nazi leaders were sentenced to death, including Göring, Ribbentrop and Keitel. It was the first time in history that state leaders were tried for war crimes and crimes against humanity, laying the foundations of international criminal law.
On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained independence from the United Kingdom, becoming the most populous country in Africa. The nation, rich in oil and with enormous ethnic and religious diversity, had been a British colony since the late nineteenth century. Today Nigeria is the largest economy on the African continent and home to more than 200 million people.
Notable birthdays — October 1
Famous people born on October 1
86 BC
Year 86 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Cinna and Marius/Flaccus. The denomination 86 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Ödön Pártos
Ödön Pártos [alternate transcription in English: Oedoen Partos, Hungarian: Pártos Ödön, Hebrew: עֵדֶן פרטוש ] was a Hungarian-Israeli violist and composer. A recipient of the Israel Prize, he taught and served as director of the Rubin Academy of Music, now known as the Buchmann-Mehta School of Music in Tel Aviv.
Leonie Kramer
Dame Leonie Judith Kramer, was an Australian academic, educator and professor. She is notable as the first female professor of English in Australia, first woman to chair the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and the first female chancellor of the University of Sydney. She was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire and a Companion of the Order of Australia.
Bonnie Owens
Bonnie Owens was an American country music singer who was married to Buck Owens and later to Merle Haggard.
Geoffrey Whitehead
Geoffrey Whitehead is an English actor. He has appeared in a range of television, film and radio roles.
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