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Historical events & facts — March 19
What happened on March 19?
On March 19, 2003, the US and United Kingdom launched the invasion of Iraq with "Operation Iraqi Freedom", arguing that the country possessed weapons of mass destruction. The weapons were never found. Within three weeks, the American army had taken Baghdad. However, the occupation extended for years in a conflict that killed more than 100,000 Iraqi civilians and destabilised the entire Middle East.
On March 19, 1821, poet John Keats died in Rome at age 25 from tuberculosis, so young that he doubted his work would survive. Yet poems such as "Ode to a Nightingale", "Ode on a Grecian Urn" and "La Belle Dame sans Merci" made him one of the greats of English Romanticism. He is buried in the Protestant Cemetery in Rome alongside Percy Bysshe Shelley.
On March 19, 1279, the Battle of Yamen ended the Song Dynasty of China — the last Chinese resistance to the Mongol conquest. According to legend, when the Song fleet was defeated, minister Lu Xiufu leapt into the sea carrying the last child emperor in his arms rather than be captured. Kublai Khan's Mongols thus unified all of China under the Yuan Dynasty.
Notable birthdays — March 19
Famous people born on March 19
Joseph Stilwell
Joseph Warren "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell was a United States Army general who served in the China Burma India theater during World War II. Stilwell served as commander of the US forces in the theater, and also as deputy for both Lord Louis Mountbatten, and Chiang Kai-shek, the Chinese Nationalist leader.
James Van Fleet
General James Alward Van Fleet was a United States Army officer who served during World War I, World War II and the Korean War. Van Fleet was a native of New Jersey, who was raised in Florida and graduated from the United States Military Academy.
Marjorie Linklater
Marjorie Linklater was a Scottish campaigner for the arts and environment on the island of Orkney. She gave up acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art to get involved in conservation, education, and health matters as a county councillor for Ross and Cromarty County Council.
Hiroo Onoda
Hiroo Onoda 19 March 1922 – 16 January 2014) was a Japanese soldier who served as a second lieutenant in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. One of the last Japanese holdouts, Onoda continued fighting for nearly 29 years after the war's end in 1945, carrying out guerrilla warfare on Lubang Island in the Philippines until 1974.
Mario Monti
Mario Monti is an Italian politician, economist and academic who served as the prime minister of Italy from 2011 to 2013, leading a technocratic government in the wake of the Italian debt crisis.
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